Tower Mill, Observatory, Wickham Terrace, Brisbane

One of the oldest convict built structures in Brisbane, Queensland, it was constructed in 1828 for the purpose of wheat and corn processing and from 1855 as a signal station to communicate shipping news between the entrance of the Brisbane River and CBD. Early radio, telephony and television communication research was underway within the tower by the 1920s. Today, this tower mill is the centrepiece of Observatory Park, Brisbane, Queensland and was heritage listed in 1992.

It was the highest part of Spring Hill then known as Windmill Hill, overlooking the Brisbane township that was selected as the most suitable site for this picturesque old landmark. The mill, originally intended to grind maize for the penal settlement, was built in 1829 of sandstone blocks hewn, transported, and laid by convicts. However, when the timber sails and machinery were installed, it was found that it would not work under any circumstances.

So, when Mr. Andrew Petrie was appointed the Moreton Bay settlement's overseer of works in 1837, his first task was to get the mill into operation. But, do what he would, it was never a success, and a treadmill requiring the energy of twenty-six convicts under punishment was substituted.

In 1849 rumours that the mill was to be demolished led to a public outcry, and finally only the sails and doomed roof were removed. After repairs it became the Government Signal Flag Station and later formed part of the Queensland Museum. It is now preserved as a tourist attraction.